Isle Royale National Park, a remote island wilderness in the northwest corner of Lake Superior, was officially established on April 3, 1940. This rugged and isolated park, part of the state of Michigan, is known for its pristine natural beauty, rich biodiversity, and unique ecological studies—most notably the long-running wolf and moose population research.
The photo of Isle Royale National Park was taken by Stephen Smejkal
A Brief History of Isle Royale
Long before its designation as a national park, Isle Royale was inhabited and used by Indigenous peoples, especially the Ojibwe. They hunted, fished, and mined copper on the island for centuries. In the 19th century, European settlers arrived and began exploiting the island’s resources through commercial fishing, logging, and mining operations. By the early 20th century, as industry declined, conservationists began advocating for the preservation of the island’s natural beauty and ecological value.
Establishment as a National Park
Efforts to protect the island gained momentum in the 1920s and 1930s. Recognizing its unique wilderness character, Congress passed legislation to designate the area as a national park. On April 3, 1940, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the bill that officially created Isle Royale National Park. The goal was to preserve the island’s unspoiled environment for public enjoyment, scientific study, and wilderness recreation.
Isle Royale National Park Timeline
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| Pre-1600s | Indigenous peoples, particularly the Ojibwe, inhabit and use the island. |
| 1840s | Copper mining begins; Isle Royale sees an influx of European settlers. |
| Late 1800s | Commercial fishing and logging become prominent industries on the island. |
| 1905 | The U.S. government begins acquiring private lands on Isle Royale for conservation. |
| 1931 | President Herbert Hoover designates Isle Royale as a national park in principle. |
| 1936 | Congress passes legislation for the establishment of the park. |
| April 3, 1940 | Isle Royale National Park is officially established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. |
| 1946 | The park is formally opened to the public after land acquisition is completed. |
| 1958 | The start of the Isle Royale Wolf-Moose study, the longest-running predator-prey research in the world. |
| 1980 | Isle Royale is designated a UNESCO International Biosphere Reserve. |
A Remote and Unique Experience
Unlike many other national parks, Isle Royale is only accessible by boat or seaplane. It has no roads, and visitors explore the park on foot or by kayak and canoe. This isolation contributes to its distinct appeal and helps preserve its wild character. The park includes over 450 smaller surrounding islands and offers opportunities for backcountry hiking, camping, fishing, and wildlife viewing.
Conclusion
Established in 1940, Isle Royale National Park remains one of the least visited yet most beloved national parks in the United States. Its establishment marked a significant step in the preservation of America’s natural heritage, offering a place where wilderness thrives, and nature is left largely undisturbed by modern development. Whether for solitude, science, or adventure, Isle Royale continues to captivate those who make the journey.